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Unit Five
Book Four
=
Uni= t 5 Cruelty
=
<= br>
Uni= t 5 Cruelty
=
<= br>
Text A A Friend in Nee=
d
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Text Analysis
Key Sentence
Patterns
=
;
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Writing & Reading Skills
Lead-in Activities
=
;
Background=
Information
![3DContents](3D"slide0044_image019.gif")
Key Word Study
Objectives :
1.
grasp the main idea and structure of the text ;
2. give reasons when they do the ranking =
activities
and make predictions ;
• 3.
master the key language points and grammatic=
al
structures in the text ;
• 4.
conduct a series of reading , listening , speaking
and writing activities related to the theme of =
the
unit .
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#F8DB02;visibility:hidden'>•
Lead-in
activity: discussion
•1).Why do=
some
people tend to be heartless and cruel? Were they born that way or did
circumstances harden them?
•
•2).Do som=
e people
care too much for people in general and forget the needs of their clo=
sest
friends?
•3. What are the determin=
ing
forces in shaping
human nature?
• ----genes, family, par=
enting,
schooling, peers, socioeconomic factors…
=
Background
information:
the author
the author
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Somerset Maugham (1874-1965)
![](3D"slide0005_image031.jpg")
Somerset
Maugham (1874-1965): an English writer consider=
ed to
be one of the best writers of short stories in the Englis=
h language. =
He also
wrote plays and novels.
•
![](3D"slide0006_image033.gif")
![](3D"slide0006_image035.jpg")
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
His partially autobiographical novel Of
Human Bondage (1915) is generally acknowledged as his masterpiece and is one of the best realistic English novels of the early 20th century.
![](3D"slide0007_image037.jpg")
•The
Moon and Six Pence (1919) is a story
of the conflict between the artist and
conventional society, based on the life of =
the
French painter Paul Gauguin;
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
![](3D"slide0046_image043.jpg")
![](3D"slide0046_image045.jpg")
Key Wor=
d Study
•1.
deceptive:
likely to deceive; misleading
Øe.g. Appearances are
deceptive.
ØThe newspapers promised not to run
deceptive
ads in the future.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-3.85%;font-family:Wingdings'>ØThe play is also an observation about=
the deceptive nature of appe=
arances.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-3.96%;font-family:Wingdings'>Ø decepti=
vely adv. deception=
n.
•2.
for sb.’s (own) part /the part of: as far as sb. is concerned
•e.g. For my part I prefer li=
ving
in the country.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:97%'>&Os=
lash; Some young students, for their par=
t,
• can stay up late
playing computer games.
=
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
4.(all) of a piece: the same in all parts; the same as sth. else
e.g. The style of = the book is all of piece, in both
illustrations and text.
The essays he completed in the latter part of his life are of a piece with his earlier work.
all of a piece =3D a= ll of one piece
= Other usages of piece
&= nbsp; masterpiece杰作; 杰出的事
tear to= pieces撕碎; 彻底摧毁;
痛斥
e.g. The style of = the book is all of piece, in both
illustrations and text.
The essays he completed in the latter part of his life are of a piece with his earlier work.
all of a piece =3D a= ll of one piece
= Other usages of piece
&= nbsp; masterpiece杰作; 杰出的事
tear to= pieces
•5. wrinkle: tighten the skin of the =
face
into lines
or folds
e.g. The woman was forty, but looked
e.g. The woman was forty, but looked
• =
;
fifty. Her cheeks were
sunken and
=
;
her skin was wrinkled and yellow.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-4.29%;font-family:Wingdings'>ØMy dress wrinkles easily.
wri=
nkled
her nose in disdain. =
3;
=
; &n=
bsp;
皱鼻子以示不屑
•6. in accordance with: in agreement or harmony with
ue.g. Students will be cr=
iticized
or punished
u if their
behavior is not in accordance
with school regulations.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-4.68%;font-family:Wingdings'>u Some young people are
self-centered,
<=
/span>
which is=
not
in accordance with Chinese
traditio=
nal
values.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-5.01%;font-family:Wingdings'>u&=
nbsp;
act in accordance with the rules
u =
;
根据条例行事
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:69%;color:#FF33CC;visibility:hidden'>u
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
•8.evid=
ently: <=
/span>obviously=
; it
appears that
•e.g. Evid=
ently
our living conditions are much better than
before.
• He was evidently upset when he lea=
rned that he f=
ailed in
the final examination.
![](3D"slide0053_image046.gif")
=
•9.mild=
: <=
/span>(of peopl=
e or
their manner) gentle and kind; not severe or harsh
•She has i=
nherited
my husband’s mild nature, never getting =
angry
easily.
•The weath=
er is
mild today ；it is neither hot nor
cold.
•a mild ch=
eese 味不足的奶酪.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:113%;visibility:hidden'>•
=
•10.spi=
cy: exciting=
, esp.
because of being slightly indecent; containing or tasting like =
spice =
3;
•e.g. You =
can
often read spicy stories about film stars in the local
newspapers.
•People fr=
om
Sichuan province like to eat spicy food.
•spicy cri=
ticism 辛辣的批评
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:106%'>•a spicy m=
agazine淫秽下流的杂志
&#=
8226;11.something of: =
to
some degree
Øe.g.
It’s something of a disadvantage nowadays
if you can’t use a computer.
&Os=
lash;They
haven’t got a loan from the bank, which is
something of disappointment.
<=
span
style=3D'color:#F8DB02;visibility:hidden'>•
<=
/span>
&Osl=
ash;Instinct:
&Os=
lash;I
knew by instinct that he had come to deliver b=
ad
news.
&Osl=
ash;Birds
learn to fly by instinct.
&Os=
lash;Trust
your instincts and do what you think is right. &#=
13;
ØOther usages: act
on instinct凭直觉行ࡄ=
0;
Ø =
; &n=
bsp;
by instinct出于本能
<=
/span>
&Os=
lash;have
an instinct for生来就有...的本能, =
生性爱=
;好
•13.clap: strike(the inner surface of one’=
;s hands) together
=
•e.g. =
The
noise of conversation rose, and the teacher clapped her hands for silence=
.
<=
span
class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.29%'>•He clapped his son on the back.
<=
/span>
<=
i> c.f. applaud
• <=
/span>
=
;
•14.oddly enough: used
to say that sth. seems strange or surpris=
ing
=
•e.g. =
oddly enough =3D strangely enough<=
/i>
•Children’s books, oddly enough,=
continued to have a big =
place in
retail sales.
17.with (a) bad/good grace: <=
/span>unwill=
ingly
and rudely/willingly and happily
e.g. After I talked to him for an hour, he adm=
itted
his mistake with bad grace.
&=
nbsp;
My mentor accepted my invitation to din=
ner with
good grace.
c.f. with an ill grace<=
/b>勉强地, =
不情愿地
with a go=
od
grace高兴地, 欣然地
with an e=
asy
grace态度自若
Ø18.stroke: pass the hand gently
over (a surface),usu. several
times
e.g. At the sight of her husband getting off the train, the woman walked forward and em= braced him and stroked his white hair.
I r= eached out and stroked the baby’s cheek tenderly.
Other usages:
= ; at the stroke of midnight.午夜钟声
= ; a stroke of lightnin= g. 一个闪电<= span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
&= #13;
e.g. At the sight of her husband getting off the train, the woman walked forward and em= braced him and stroked his white hair.
I r= eached out and stroked the baby’s cheek tenderly.
Other usages:
= ; at the stroke of midnight.午夜钟声
= ; a stroke of lightnin= g. 一个闪电<= span style=3D'mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"'>
&= #13;
•21.go broke: have no money; go bankrupt
=
•e.g. Many
multinational companies went broke during
• the finan=
cial
crisis, not to speak of small businesses.
He
invested all his money in stocks; unfortunately
• he made o=
ne
wrong choice after another and
• finally w=
ent
broke.
=
c.f. go for broke =
全力以赴; <=
span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;font-size:75%'>=
孤注一掷 =
3;
go broke =
=
破产
clean bro=
ke=
身无分文, <=
span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;font-size:75%'>=
一文不名
• dead brok=
e=
身无分文, <=
span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun;font-size:75%'>=
一文不名
•
•22.hitherto: (fml) until now; until a
particular time
•e.g. The Hope Project sent =
money
to student’s hitherto unable to afford their tuition
fees.
• The printing press made boo=
ks available=
to
people hitherto unable to afford them.
• He has hitherto achie=
ved
great success in his career=
.
•23.stick
to: refuse to aban=
don
or change=
(sth.)
•e.g. Mike, you just tell the cops what you <=
/span>saw; stick to your story.
=
•The old man stuck to jogging every morning although he was eighty years old.
<=
span
style=3D'color:#6A3D02;visibility:hidden'>•
•25.down and out: having no money, home, etc.
•e.g. When he was down and o=
ut,
none of
• his
friends gave him a helping hand.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:109%'>• Shortly after his company was
• declared bankrupt, the
manager
became d=
own
and out.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:109%;visibility:hidden'>•
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
•27.be/go (all) to pieces: (of a <=
span
style=3D'position:absolute;top:37.86%;left:3.92%;width:92.15%;height:31.06=
%'>person) h=
ave a
breakdown; lose control of oneself
•e.g. She =
nearly
went to pieces when she heard that her husband was <=
span
style=3D'position:absolute;top:50.76%;left:3.76%;width:94.16%;height:24.61=
%'>among tho=
se
buried in the ruins of the World Trade Center=
.
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
28.insane: (informal=
) very
foolish
e.g. an insane laugh;疯笑；
ins=
ane
babbling. 疯言乱语
• insane
jealousy.疯狂的妒忌
invitation to attend =
the
conference.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:109%'>&Os=
lash; Your plan to walk through the desert on=
your
own is quite insane.
•29.drive at: be trying to say
•e.g. I have no idea what
you’re
• dri=
ving
at.
Ø The teacher didn’t me=
ntion
the
=
Ø word
“cheating” but w=
e knew
what he was driving at.
Ø
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:125%'>•30.cur=
rent: continuous
flow of water or air in a particular
direction
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-4.12%;top:.05em'>•e.g. Swimming against the c=
urrent
is energy-consuming.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:106%'>•I felt a =
current
of cool air blowing in my face.=
Other usage:
<=
/span>
current events; current leaders.
时事；现任领导&#=
20154;
current negotiations.
正在进行的谈判 &#=
13;
current bills and coins.
流通的支票和货&#=
24065;
•current fashions.
•流行时尚
•
•32.
in bad /good condition: in bad/good
• health=
3;
•e.g. He is in good condi=
tion
again after a long
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
holiday.
<=
span
class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.19%'>•In spite of the surgery he is still i=
n bad condition.
=
;
•35.constitution: condition of a person&#=
8217;s body with regarded to he=
alth,
strength, etc.
•e.g. A boxer must have a=
strong
constitution.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-3.77%;font-family:Wingdings'>ØHaving been ill for several years, he=
has a
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> particularly fragile
constitution.
Other usage:
&=
#23466;法; 法规
e=
.g. According to the Amer=
ican
Constitution, Presidential elections are held=
every four years.&#=
13;
•
=
;
•c.f. by constitution<=
span
style=3D'font-family:SimSun;mso-fareast-font-family:SimSun'>天ঝ=
5;，体质上
• have a
good/poor constitution
•
体质好［差］
• agree wit=
h/suit
sb, 's constitution
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'>
适合某人体质［性Ċ=
84;］
=
•36.trifle: a thing, a matter or an
activity that
• =
;
has little value or trifles.
•e.g. My daughter always =
wastes
her money
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> on
trifles.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-3.38%;font-family:Wingdings'>Ø&nbs=
p;
The couple often quarreled about some petty
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> tri=
fle
connected with the housework.
a trifle: slightly, very little, somewhat
e=
.g. She
was a trifle breathless after the run.
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
37.candid: <=
/span>not hiding one’s t=
houghts;
fra=
nk and
honest (followed by
about, with)
e=
.g. Let
me be absolutely candid with
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> you=
: your
work is not good enough.
=
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-4.12%;font-family:Wingdings'>Ø Nancy is candid about=
the
problems
<=
span
style=3D'mso-spacerun:yes'> she=
is
having with Steve.
<=
b>39.vacancy:unfilled =
position
or post
e.g. The company has a vacancy in the accounts
department.
•<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
Text an=
alysis
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-3.79%'>•Maugham, the famous British short writer, shows us how powerful co=
ntrast
is in delineating
a person’s character.
<=
span
style=3D'mso-special-format:bullet;color:#E3E3FF;mso-color-index:3;positio=
n:
absolute;left:-4.09%'>•Upon first seeing the title, readers may think: “ Oh, no. A=
nother
story about how people helped their friend in need!” However, when they finish
reading it, readers will find it is an entirely different story: Those who appear =
to be
friendly may
turn out to be so evil-minded as to be ready to a cruel blow at a friend =
in need.
Text analysis
=
3;
Text analysis
•Part One a=
nd Part
Two are narrated by “I”, who offers his subjecti=
ve
opinion of Burton’s character. Yet in Part =
Three
Burton himself takes over the narration to tell what happened=
between hi=
m and a
friend in trouble. He sounds cool and objective; just because of this he is=
shown
to be so vicious and so cold-blooded.
•When contr=
asts
abound, it is hard for readers to easily predict what =
will
happen next.
2) T aske=
d the
Ss to skim and scan the whole in 3-4 mins to get the general idea of the text=
and do exercise 1 Text Organization
![](3D"slide0012_image047.gif")
Part Three=
Paras 4-51
Part Two Paras 2-3
Part One Para 1 <=
/div>
Main Ideas=
Parts =
;
Paragraphs
n
Keys to&nb=
sp;
last exercise:
peopl=
e, for
they aren’t always what
• they =
appear
to be.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%'>• Part t=
wo: Kind and gentle, Edward Burton, &=
#13;
a
wealthy merchant, appe=
ared
as if he
• Part t=
hree: As it turned out, Burton was
=
;
• could
not bear to hurt a fly.
cold-blooded enough to send a friend to
certain death.
•
Analyze the difficult sentences
•1. Unless I had heard the story from his o=
wn
lips ,I should
•
never have believed that he was capable of such an
•
action . (lines 9-11)
• =
译：要不是听他亲口=
5762;述这个故事，我根ੑ=
2;不会相信
• =
;
他能做出这种事=
6469;．
•
unless 1). If…not =
如果不
•=
2).
unless 不能用于虚拟语=
7668;
•=
例：unless she comes soon
,I’m going without her . =
;
• =
;
=3D (If she doesn’t come soon ,..)
•2. I happened on one occasion to be s=
pending a few lays there
,… (line 18)
• =
有一次，我正好…=
要在那里呆几天．
• It happ=
ened
that we were both staying at the Grand Hotel R=
30;(line
24).
• =
碰巧，我们俩都住在=
6684;兰德大酒店．
• =
;
用“=
It happens=
that …=
221; =
或 ” One happens to do /be doing …=
221;
=
• =
结构翻译下列句子：=
3;
•=
1).=
爆炸时碰巧屋子里没=
0154;．
•=
It happene=
d that
no one was in the house at the time of the explosion .=
• 2).=
=
你还记得他的名字吗=
5311;
•=
Do you hap=
pen to
remember his name ?
•
Writing Practice
<=
span
class=3DBB style=3D'position:absolute;left:-4.43%'>•How to describe a person?
=
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
1. Who is he?
2. His physical description
3. His clothing
4. His personality
5. Conclusion
Useful Expressions and Patterns
•He’s tall / medium height / fairly short and heavy / well-built / thin / plump.
•He’s got a square / broad / narrow / round / long =
/ wrinkled face.
•He’s got a pointed / double chin.
•She’s slim.
•She’s wearing a blue dress and white sandals / =
=
a blouse and high-heel shoes / a turtle sweater and a pencil skirt / a blue summer dress / jeans and a jacket / a blue suit.
•She’s got
short curly / straight shoulder-length / wavy medium length / =
long
wavy hair.
• He looks serious, but he’s very funny in class.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#33CCCC;mso-color-index:5'>•He’s got short blond straight hair and blue eyes.
=
•She makes a lasting impression on everyone she meets.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#33CCCC;mso-color-index:5'>•Appearance is deceptive.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#33CCCC;mso-color-index:5'>•A fair face may hide a foul heart.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;color:#33CCCC;mso-color-index:5'>•A good face is a letter of recommendation.
<=
span
style=3D'font-size:88%;visibility:hidden'>•
<=
/span>
Assignment
•Write a passage about a pers=
on
you are familiar with.
<=
span
style=3D'visibility:hidden'>•
![](3D"slide0081_image048.gif")
' + ENDSHOW_MESG + '
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